Wood preservation

BS 4261:1999 pdf free.Wood preservation — Vocabul ary.
lire cycle the various stages through which an organism passes in going from one generation to the same development point in the next generation
NOTE 1 Adaped from RSEN844-l1:19t8. 11.4
NOTE 2 Typically for wood•bormg beet lea this includes the egg, larva, pupa and adult The time laken for this cycle to be completed vanes between species.
317 marine borers species of molluscs, such as members of the genera Teredo, Bonicia and Xylophaga, or crustaceans, such US tuenitwis of the genera Liin,,oria and (77uiurrz, which tunnel or bin-row in submerged timber in the sea or in brackish water, and which can cause considerable damage to marine structures, piles and craft
NOTE In the case of molluscs, damage is characterized by tuntiels, often with a calcareous lining, that rapidly Increase in (lianieler with greater depth of penetration into the timber. hi the case of cmstaceans. damage is characterized by waisting or eroaion.
318 pinhole bore hole usually not more than 2 nun in ilianteter left by an ambrosia beetle
N(Yrf: Adapted from H.SENH44-ll:lI4Jtt, 11.6
319 powder-post beetles group of wood-boring beetles of the families Bostzychidac and Lyctidne, most of which are small, and which are mainly pests of hardwoods and confine their attack to sapwood containing starch
NOTE The damage is chanirtenzed by round holes up to approximately 1.5mm in diameter. The tunnels are unstained and loosely parked with fine frasa.
320 pupae. p1 pupa, sing immature insect stage occurring in the life cycle l)etween the larva and the adult
NOTE 1 Aduptid (ruin BS EN 844-11:19t)8. 11.3.
NOTE 2 The pupal stage In some insects is commonly called a chrysalis.
321 sh i pwo rm molluscs of the genus Teredo which are marine borers
322 termites insects of the order Isoptera which live in colonies and damage trees and wood in warmer hiails of (lie world N(YIE 1 The damage is characterized by regular horieycombthg or wide channels. Fras can be diy and grainilar (drywood termites or cenwnted together with mud (subterranean termites.
NOTE 2 The termite Th’ticuiifrrmes sqnIoeeass is used as a test insect in certain European Standard test nwlho NOTE 3 They have not previously been common In the UK. but sonic termites aecideotally introduced into Southeni England have become established.
323 weevils beetles belonging to the immense family Curuhionidac
NOTE I Characterized by a pronounced msInIm and bent clubbed antennae.
N( )TE 2 Sonic species attack decayed timber in service.
324 wharf borer Naee,yfrs mefanuru. a beetle of the family Oedeniendae. whose larva bores in damp and decayed wood, particularly in wharves, dockside buildings and wooden barges
325 wood wasps Urncerus gigas and other insects of the family Siricidae (order Hymenoptera)
NOTE 1 The frmaks have long ovipositors capable ol penetrating solid wood, especially of debilitated, dying and freshly felled trees, in which the eggs are laid.
NOTE 2 The damage is characterized by round bore holes densely packed with frass. Emergence holes are cirrijlar in cl-oem section and upto 8mm in diameter.
326 woodwo rin any wood-boring beetle, especially the larval stage
NOTE Most commonly used to descnbe attack by the common furniture beetle.
401 active ingredient(s) a.i. individual chemical compound or compounds included in a wood preservative to give it specific activily against biological agencies of detenoration NOTE Adapted fmm BSENII9-l:l997. 3.1.1.
402 air drying drying by exposure to natural atinosphenc COIi(lit IOnS
(BS6100-4.1:1992, 41070021
403 analytical zone that part of the treated wood which is analysed br assessing the retention requirement
NOTE The analytical zone is taken from the lateral surfaces of the treated wood. The depth to which trnphng is required will depend on the species of wood being analysed and the treatment level coneerned LBS EN 351-h 1906, 3.2J
404 batch clearly identifiable collection of units of preservative-treated wood manufactured to confonu to the same defined penetration and retention requirements
113S EN :351-1:1906, 3.3J
405 Bethell process full-cell. vacuum/pressure, penetrating treatment process used for the application of creosote and certain waterborite preservatives
406 biological reference value b.r.v. uuounl, in gratis per square metre or kilograin.s per cubic metre, of a wood preservative (as product) found to be effective in test in preventing attack by the particular biological agency being tested
NOTE Adapted from ItS EN 599-1:114)7, 3.L3.
407 bleeding exudation of liquid from the surface of treated wood after the treatment process has been completed
NOTE Sometimes erroneously temed “leaching”.
408 blooming formation of solid deposits from a preservative on the surface of wood impregnated with it as a result of evaporation of the solvent
409 Boucherie process one of a variety of sap-displacement treatments:process in which a waterborne preservative is applied to the butt end of freshly cut, tinbarked timber (chiefly poles) and forced through by hydrostatic pressure and gravity displacing the sap
410 Boulton process process for conditioning green or partially seasoned timber, prior to pressure impregnation, by heating in tar-oil preservative under vacuum and allowing the water in the timber to boil off brush treatment treatment in which wood preservative is applied to the surface of I,rood with a brush
NOTE Athptcd from 1156100-4.1:1902.4109005.
412 butt treatment preservative treatment ai)plied to the butt end of posts or poles
413 charge all the wood treate(l together in a single operation lBS EN 351-1:1996, .51 414 co-formulant any ingredient (other than an active ingredient) in a formulated wood preservative product lBS EN 599-1:1997, 3.1.51
415 composite sample collection of all test samples (IenVed from the sampling units taken from the batch in accordance with the chosen sampling plan for the determination of retention lBS EN 351-1:1996, 3.6
416 conditioning
1) removal of moisture from green or partially seasoned timber as a preliminary to preservative treatment and as a means of improving the degree of penetration into and treatability of wood
2) process by which the moisture content of timber and wood based panel products is allowed to reach an equilibrium with the surrounding air of the environment in which it is to be used.
417 creosote wood preservative obtained by blending solely distillates of coal tar, obtained from the carbonization of coal
NOTE Creosotes normally boil within the range 200 °C to 400°C.
418 critical value value equivalent to the highest biological reference value (in grams per square metre or kilograms per cubic metre) obtained from all the biological tests carried out in accordance with BS EN 599-1 for any given hazard class  NOTE1 It is the minimum amount of the wood preservative (as product) required for effectiveness for that hazard class according to the tests carried out.
NOTE2 Adapted from BS EN 500-1:1997 3.14.
NOTE3 The eritical value will vary according to hazard class, method of application, and onganisms against which the preservative is to provide protection and whether it is to be applied to softwood or hardwood.
419 debarking removing the bark from a log or tree
420 deluging treatment in which wood is passed through a tunnel in which preservative is sprayed or flooded over it.
421 diffusion treatment treatment in which waterborne wood preservative is applied to the surface of green timber in a paste or concentrated solution, which gradually moves into the wet timber under the force of the concentration gradient [BS 6100-4.1:1992, 410 9009].BS 4261 pdf free download.Wood preservation