Space systems
BS Z 100:1999 pdf free.Space systems – Ground support equipment for use at launch, landing, or retrieval sites General requirements.
The general design requirements and criteria described in this International Standard are the minimum requirements necessary to meet the needs and expectations of internal customers (e.g. safety, reliability, maintainability. quality, supportability. etc.) in a cost-effective manner. In order to meet customer expectations, GSK may need requirements that are more stringent than those specified herein. In such cases. requirements that exceed the provisions described in this International Standard shall be determined by the responsible design organization in consultation with its customers(e.g. users, operators, etc.).
5 Functional designations
5.1 General
GSE covered by this document shall be classified according to one of the functional designations given in 5.2 to 5.6. Under each functional designation, GSE can he classified by criticality, whereby the GSE
a) either physically or functionally interfaces with flight hardware/software;
b) is classified as safety critical; andfor
c) generates data used in determining flight worthiness/certification.
The OSE is assessed, as safetv critical if loss of the GSE or improper performance could result in loss of life, loss of flight hardware, or damage to flight hardware. The GSE defined herein shall be subject to the configuration control requirements specified in the approved program configuration management plan.
5.2 Servicing
Servicing GSK is equipment used to supply electrical power or fluids to the flight hardware and/or associated GSE. Typical functions of servicing GSE are those functions of storage. transfer, flushing, purging, pressurizing. conditioning, vapour disposal and decontamination of propellants and other fluids required by the flight hardware.
5.3 Checkout and test
Checkout and test GSE is equipment used in the test and checkout of flight hardware and/or associated GSE. Typical functions of checkout and test GSE are the functions of stimuli monitoring and evaluation.
5.4 Handling and transportation Handling and transportation GSE is equipment used for the movement and support of flight hardware and/or associated GSE. Typical types of equipment used in the handling and transportation category are slings, dollies, trailers, shipping containers, support stands, jacks, hoists. strongbacks and special handling mechanisms.
5.5 Auxiliary
Auxiliary (;SE is equipment used to align, access, protect and calibrate flight hardware. Auxiliary GSE includes, but is not limited to, protective devices, access stands and platforms, and alignment or calibration hardware.
5.6 Umbilical
Umbilical GSE is equipment used to interface directly with flight hardware for transfer of fluids, electrical power, or electronic signals to and from the flight vehicle element.
6 Characteristics
6.1 Performance characteristics
6.1.1 Operability
GSE shall support the flight hardware operational requirements and shall be designed to ensure that it does not degrade or contaminate associated flight or ground systems, subsystems, or experiments during use, checkout, servicing, or handling.
6.1.3 Producibility
GSK hardware shall provide for ease of production, manufacture, construction and inspection. Special care shall be taken to avoid imposing close
manufacturing tolerances unless required by design and performance.
6.2 Physical characteristics
6.2.1 Limited life
Use of items with a life of less than the useful life of the system or equipment for which the items are
intended shall be avoided whenever possible. Items with limited life shall be identified. Identified
limited-life items shall be controlled from the date of manufacture through operational use, including
storage. Provisions will be made for replacement or refurbishment of these items after a specified age or operating time/cycle. Status of limited-life cycle
items and waivers on limited-life items shall be
maintained. Elapsed time or cycle indicators shall be employed to accumulate operational time or
cycles if critical.
6.2.2 Useful life
GSE shall be designed for a useful life appropriate to its mission. When a useful life is not identified by program or mission requirements, a goal of 10 years may be used. I)uring this period, normal preventive maintenance, repair, modification, or calibration
may be accomplished to maintain specified performance.
6.2.3 Protective coating
Protective coating of hardware shall be appropriate to the condition, use and environment to which the GSK will be exposed during its life cycle. The coating shall minimize corrosion and should indicate its
use (see 6.2.4).
6.2.4 Colours
The colours given in Table I should be used for the type of GSE indicated.
6.2.6 Redundancy
Redundant systems, subsystems, or components shall be physically separated or otherwise protected to ensure that failure of one will not prevent the other from performing the function.
6.3 Reliability
GSK shall be designed to meet system availability andlor dependability requirements. GSE shall be designed to minimize the probability of system failure and reduce the severity of the failure effect of the system. As a minimum, GSE shall be designed to be fail•safe, except for structure and pressure vessels in the rupture mode. The quality management system of the supplier shall provide appropriate procedures and instructions to perform and document analyses like the failure mode, effects and criticality analysis (FMECA)/critical items List (C IL), reliability diagrams, and, in particular cases, sneak circuit analysis or equivalent.
6.4 Maintainability
GSE shall be designed to minimize the complexity and duration of maintenance, the maintenance resources required to keep the system operational, and maintenance downtime. High4ailurerate items should be identified for accessibility concerns. Human engineering criteria shall be used to provide accessibility to failed items (see 13.10). Fault detection and isolation should be considered based on criticality and cost of failures.
6.5 Environmental conditions
6.5.1 General
GSE shall be designed to meet natural and induced environments to which it will be subjected during its life cycle. The manager of the geographical location where the GSE is to be located shall provide an environmental document that defines the natural and induced environmental conditions.
6.5.2 Natural environment
GSE used or stored in an exterior environment shall be designed to function properly at its respective geographical location after exposure to the natural environment as tailored to reflect program-defined risk and exposure times.
6.2.6 Redundancy
Redundant systems, subsystems, or components shall be physically separated or otherwise protected to ensure that failure of one will not prevent the other from performing the function.
6.3 Reliability
GSK shall be designed to meet system availability andlor dependability requirements. GSE shall be designed to minimize the probability of system failure and reduce the severity of the failure effect of the system. As a minimum, GSE shall be designed to be fail•safe, except for structure and pressure vessels in the rupture mode. The quality management system of the supplier shall provide appropriate procedures and instructions to perform and document analyses like the failure mode, effects and criticality analysis (FMECA)/critical items List (C IL), reliability diagrams, and, in particular cases, sneak circuit analysis or equivalent.
6.4 Maintainability
GSE shall be designed to minimize the complexity and duration of maintenance, the maintenance resources required to keep the system operational, and maintenance downtime. High4ailurerate items should be identified for accessibility concerns. Human engineering criteria shall be used to provide accessibility to failed items (see 13.10). Fault detection and isolation should be considered based on criticality and cost of failures.
6.5 Environmental conditions
6.5.1 General
GSE shall be designed to meet natural and induced environments to which it will be subjected during its life cycle. The manager of the geographical location where the GSE is to be located shall provide an environmental document that defines the natural and induced environmental conditions.
6.5.2 Natural environment
GSE used or stored in an exterior environment shall be designed to function properly at its respective geographical location after exposure to the natural environment as tailored to reflect program-defined risk and exposure times.BS Z 100 pdf free download.Space systems