BS ISO 23133:2021 Nuclear criticality safety – Nuclear criticality safety training for operations

BS ISO 23133:2021 Nuclear criticality safety – Nuclear criticality safety training for operations.
Sufficient training shall be provided and confirmed to be effective, in keeping with Clauses 6. 2 and . before commencement of activities associated with processes that may present a criticality hazard and before operations supervisor duties are commenced. Where on-the-job training is provided, activities may commence before nuclear criticality safety training is complete provided that the trainee is subject to direct supervision by an individual trained in nuclear criticality safety. The continued effectiveness of training shall be evaluated or refresher training shall be required as detailed in Clause 9.
NOTE It is not an objective to train trainees so that they become criticality safety specialists.
4.4 Training of operations staff
Training in nuclear criticality safety shall be provided with due consideration of the nature of the work operations staff perform and the sensitivity of that work in maintaining nuclear criticality safety.
Operations staff working according to procedures that are required to maintain nuclear criticality safety will require a greater extent of training than those staff who do not perform those duties or those who perform tasks that are intrinsically less sensitive for maintaining nuclear criticality safety.
EXAMPLE Staff in a facility handling inventories of multiple critical masses, with nuclear criticality safety based on administrative control of batch sizes, will typically require a higher level of training than a facility handling small fractions of a critical mass.
The scope and the level (depth) of training shall be formulated to enable the operations staff to operate a process with sufficient understanding of the criticality hazards associated with that process, and the importance and reasons behind the controls identified to maintain nuclear criticality safety.
Understanding the reasons behind the controls may reduce the risk of operations staff deviating from procedures and/or responding inappropriately to unexpected process conditions. Analysis of past criticality accidents and near-miss data has revealed a number of instances where inadequate understanding of the reasons behind the criticality safety controls has been a contributory factor.
4.5 Training of operations supervisors
Certain roles are particularly important in maintaining nuclear criticality safety. A supervisory role to operations staff is one such role, as are those roles responsible for making decisions which could significantly affect nuclear criticality safety (e.g. operations manager or shift team leader). These key safety roles are termed collectively in this document as operations supervisors (as defined in 32).
It is necessary for operations supervisors to have a more comprehensive understanding of the nuclear criticality safety issues and their significance. This could include understanding of typical or common themes that have caused criticality accidents and the need to maintain systems to monitor, maintain and improve nuclear criticality safety in a facility. The specific content of the required training is discussed in Clause 6.
Operations supervisor training shall be in addition to the identified training for operations staff and should be biased to the particular nuclear criticality safety issues associated with the process for which they have responsibilities.
4.6 Training of management
Management shall have an awareness of the severity of the consequences of nuclear criticality accidents and, hence, of the importance of a suitable nuclear criticality safety program.
Management have overall responsibility for the nuclear criticality safety of operations for a site, process or facility and define the nuclear criticality safety program. Management do not require detailed nuclear criticality safety training because they do not carry out operations and, therefore, rely on operations supervisors and operations staff to maintain day-to-day criticality safety.
5.2 Operations staff
Operations staff shall attain a level of understanding of nuclear criticality safety consistent with the nature of the work they carry out, as defined by the operations nuclear criticality safety training program.
5.3 Operations supervisors
NOTE These responsibilities are in addition to those defined in ISO 14943.
Operations supervisors shall consult with the nuclear criticality safety staff to identify operations staff requiring nuclear criticality safety training.
Operations supervisors shall confirm, via the criticality trainer(s), whether operations staff have attained sufficient understanding of nuclear criticality safety prior to allowing commencement of activities for processes that may present a criticality hazard.
Operations supervisors shall attain a level of understanding of nuclear criticality safety consistent with the nature of the work they carry out, as defined by the operations nuclear criticality safety training program.
5.4 Management
NOTE These responsibilities are in addition to those defined in ISO 14943.
Management shall ensure the establishment and maintenance of an operations nuclear criticality safety training program. This shall include the requirement for training for operations staff, operations supervisors, and management.
Management shall consult with the nuclear criticality safety staff to identify operations supervisors requiring additional nuclear criticality safety training, beyond that identified for operations staff (as identified in Clause 6).
Management shall confirm, via the criticality trainer(s), that operations supervisors have attained sufficient understanding of nuclear criticality safety prior to them assuming responsibility for processes that may present a criticality hazard.
Management shall attain a level of understanding of nuclear criticality safety consistent with the requirements of the operations nuclear criticality safety training program.
5.5 Nuclear criticality safety staff
Nuclear criticality safety staff should develop and maintain the nuclear criticality safety training materials for operations staff, operations supervisors, and management.
5.6 Training coordinator
The training coordinator should assist and advise in the development and delivery of the nuclear criticality safety training materials, in consultation with the nuclear criticality safety staff and criticality trainer(s).
5.7 Criticality trainer
The criticality trainer(s) shall deliver training to an adequate level of competency, as defined by the nuclear criticality safety staff and training coordinator.
The criticality trainer(s) shall decide whether operations staff, operations supervisors, and management have attained sufficient understanding of nuclear criticality safety.
6 Content of training
The content of the training for all operations staff and operations supervisors shall meet the objectives of Clause 4, and shall include, as a minimum, the following:
a) The nature of a nuclear criticality event, how it can be caused, and the hazards associated with a criticality accident.
b) The factors affecting nuclear criticality safety.
c) Past accidents relevant to the type of operations to be carried out and the root causes of these accidents.
d) Local incidents and deviations relevant to nuclear criticality safety, the reasons they arose and root causes.
e) Local or site-specific nuclear criticality safety limits, controls/instructions and equipment important to safety, to explain why they are needed and to illustrate the importance of following procedures.
Operations supervisors shall receive training on the following additional topics:
1) Potential faults identified for the process or processes that the operations supervisor is responsible for that could credibly lead to a criticality event and what protective measures are in place.
g) Typical or common themes that have contributed to criticality accidents for processes similar to the process or processes that the operations supervisor is responsible for.
h) The need to maintain systems to monitor, maintain, and improve nuclear criticality safety in the facility.
EXAMPLE Analysis of facility (and similar facilities or operations) near-miss data to provide direct learning from experience, which can reduce the risk of criticality.
The content of the training for management shall meet the objectives of Clause 4. and shall include, as a minimum, the hazards associated with a criticality accident and details of the facilities or operations under their control that have the potential to present a criticality hazard.BS ISO 23133 pdf free download.BS ISO 23133:2021 Nuclear criticality safety – Nuclear criticality safety training for operations