BS EN 15426:2007 – Candles — Specification for sooting behaviour
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies requirements and the test method for evaluating the sooting behaviour of burning candles. It is applicable to single wick candles with a diameter up to 1 00 mm or equivalent cross sectional area intended to be burned indoors.
2 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
2.1
base material
intended fuel source for a candle flame
2.2
candle
one or more combustible wicks supported by a material that constitutes a fuel, which is solid, semisolid or quasi-rigid at room temperature (20 °C to 27 °C)
NOTE 1 It can also contain additives, which are used for colour, odour, stability, or to modify the burning characteristics; the combined function of which is to sustain a light-producing flame.
NOTE 2 Including candles with decoration attached to or contained within the candle.
2.3
container candle
candle that is produced in and will be burned in a container
2.4
measuring period
time the candle is burned collecting sootm
2.5
molten fuel pool
portion of the wax or fuel pool of a candle that is in the liquid form when the candle is burning
2.6
soot
solid, carbon enriched particles, which come into existence when the burning material in the flame is incompletely burned and which are subsequently released into the atmosphere
2.7
soot index
index number for the evaluation of the sooting behaviour of candles
2.8
soot test cycle
total length of time the candle is burned during the stabilizing period, measuring period, including pause
2.9
stabilizing period
period of time the candle is burned without collecting soot
2.10
tea light
cylindrical candle that is burned in a container, which may be suitable to keep vessels containing coffee, tea or other liquids warm, by using a warming stove
NOTE 1 Typical dimensions of a tea light are 38 mm in diameter and 1 5 mm in height.
NOTE 2 A tea light container can be made from metal, glass or plastic.
2.11
total measuring time
total time of all measuring periods
2.12
wax
crystalline, plastic solid or semi-solid material at 25 °C consisting of a mixture of hydrocarbons and/or hydrocarbon derivatives
NOTE Wax melts typically at temperatures equal to or greater than 40 °C and becomes a low viscosity liquid. Waxes may be of mineral (particularly petroleum), vegetable, animal (including insect), or synthetic origin.
2.13
wick
object that delivers fuel to a flame through the process of capillary action
3 Sooting behaviour
When tested in accordance with clause 8, the average soot index from three tests (samples) shall be less than 1 ,0/h, no individual sample shall exceed 2,0/h.
4 Test equipment and apparatus
4.1 A wire mesh cylinder RMG 2.1
1 )
fixed to a stand of which the height can be adjusted, with a fixture for a
glass plate (see Figure 1 ). The cylinder has a minimum height of 300 mm and consists of wire mesh with a permeability of (60 ± 5) %.
BS EN 15426:2007 – Candles — Specification for sooting behaviour